Habilitando ocupações: prática baseada na ocupação e centrada no cliente na Terapia Ocupacional/Enabling occupation: occupation-based and client centred practice in Occupational Therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4322/0104-4931.ctoARF0709Keywords:
Occupational Therapy, Occupation-based Practice, Client-centred PracticeAbstract
Os terapeutas ocupacionais sempre se dedicaram ao estudo da ocupação humana, no entanto, no decorrer desta trajetória, nem sempre o cliente era percebido como um ser ocupacional, com necessidades, interesses e metas individuais. O interesse no engajamento de clientes em suas ocupações, ao invés do interesse na restauração dos componentes de desempenho, juntamente com a mudança do conceito de ocupação, exige do profissional uma ampliação do escopo da prática. As teorias mais atuais relacionadas à prática da terapia ocupacional têm preconizado o uso de abordagens centradas no cliente e baseadas em ocupações. Na prática centrada no cliente e baseada em ocupação, o cliente participa ativamente nas escolhas das metas, sendo estas prioritárias e centrais no processo de avaliação, intervenção e resultados. Existem numerosas evidências na literatura, com resultados significativamente positivos e que apoiam o uso destas abordagens. Estas abordagens se baseiam na premissa de que as metas e objetivos das intervenções devem ser focados em ocupações e atividades significativas para o cliente e refletem os valores centrais da terapia ocupacional: uma perspectiva centrada na ocupação que respeita as escolhas do cliente, suas metas e valores, promovendo e habilitando o engajamento em ocupações significativas.
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